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If you go and read the code for activate, it does a number of things: The virtualenv documentation will even tell you that activate is “purely a convenience.”

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It’s easy to think of activate as some mysterious magic, a pentacle drawn in blood to keep Python safely trapped.īut it’s just software, and fairly simple software at that. (The exec is there to get correct signal handling.) The elegant method, in which we learn what activating actually does opt/venv/bin/activate & exec python myapp.py

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opt/venv/bin/activate & pip install -r requirements.txt # Install dependencies: COPY requirements.txt. In this case we only have two repetitions, but in more complex situations you’ll need to do it over and over again.īesides the lack of readability, repetition is a source of error.Īs you add more calls to Python programs, it’s easy to forget to add the magic /opt/venv/bin/ prefix. One solution is to explicitly use the path to the binaries in the virtualenv.

When you run the resulting Docker image it will run the CMD-which also isn’t going to be run inside the virtualenv, since it too is unaffected by the RUN processes.

Running activate in a separate RUN has no effect on future RUN calls for all practical purposes it’s a no-op.

Every RUN line in the Dockerfile is a different process.If you just blindly convert a shell script into a Dockerfile you will get something that looks right, but is actually broken:įROM python:3.9-slim-bullseye RUN python3 -m venv /opt/venv Need to ship quickly, and don’t have time to figure out every detail on your own? Read the concise, action-oriented Python on Docker Production Handbook. Note: Outside any specific best practice being demonstrated, the Dockerfiles in this article are not examples of best practices, since the added complexity would obscure the main point of the article.

There is a simpler way of activating a virtualenv, which I’ll demonstrate in this article.īut first, we’ll go over some of the other, less elegant (or broken!) ways you might do it.

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Since you’re using a virtualenv, you need to activate it-but if you’re just getting started with Dockerfiles, the naive way doesn’t work.Īnd even if you do know how to do it, the usual method is repetitive and therefore error-prone. We first need to make sure that we install pip and virtualenv for the correct version of Python on your computer.When you’re packaging your Python application in a Docker image, you’ll often use a virtualenv.įor example, you might be doing a multi-stage build in order to get smaller images. Furthermore, virtualenv makes sure that you don’t accidentally break your app if someone updates your Python packages. Virtualenv is a tool that lets you create a special sandbox for each of your Python projects, to ensure that you have exactly the right version of every tool you need for that particular project. A brief introduction to Python virtual environments Most Python developers prefer to use a package manager called pip, but easy_install is another. They are installed using a “package manager”. Many third-party Python libraries, such as the math library numpy, the MySQL connector library MySQL-python, and Flash, are made available as “packages”. Install Flask and twilio-pythonįlask is a super web server written in Python. There are more advanced configuration instructions at the official Python website. Windows users can follow this excellent tutorial.

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If you are on a Mac or Linux machine, you most likely already have Python installed.

ngrok or some other way to expose a URL for webhooks.

To complete the Twilio Python quickstarts, you’ll need to have the following tools installed: We’ve used the same Python ingredients time and time again so you only need to go through environmental setup once. Our quickstarts are designed to get you working with Twilio in record time.

Twilio products: API docs, quickstarts, and tutorials.

Secure your app by validating incoming Twilio requests.

Set up your local development environmentĪlternative representations and data types.

Run thonny virtual environment